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History
The United Nations Preventive Deployment Force (UNPREDEP) was established in the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia (FYROM) on 31 March 1995 as part of the restructuring of the United Nations Protection Force (UNPROFOR). Until 31 January 1996, UNPREDEP functioned as one of the three peacekeeping missions overseen by the United Nations Peace Forces (UNPF). The other two peacekeeping missions were the United Nations Confidence Restoration Operation (UNCRO) and UNPROFOR. Effective 1 February 1996, following the termination of the mandates of UNCRO and UNPROFOR, UNPREDEP became an independent mission, reporting directly to United Nations Headquarters in New York.
UNPREDEP was the first peacekeeping mission deployed during peacetime and was intended to prevent the outbreak of war. UNPREDEP was charged with monitoring and reporting any developments along the borders with the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (FRY) and Albania which could undermine confidence and stability in the FYROM and threaten its territory.
UNPREDEP operated both temporary and permanent Observation Posts along a 420-kilometre stretch on the Macedonian side of the border with the FRY and Albania. Several dozen border and community patrols were conducted daily. UNPREDEP also cooperated with Macedonian civilian agencies and offered community services and humanitarian assistance to the local population.
UNPREDEP was headed by two Special Representatives of the Secretary-General (SRSG). Henryk J. Sokalski of Poland served as SRSG from 5 July 1995 to 18 September 1998. Fernando Valenzuela-Marzo of Spain served as SRSG from 18 December 1998 to 28 February 1999.
UNPREDEP operations were terminated on 28 February 1999, after the Security Council did not renew the mandate of UNPREDEP due to a veto by China, a permanent Member of the Security Council.